The results indicate that the increased accumulation of myelin galactolipids previously reported in the F1 mice is partially due to enhanced synthetic activity.", keywords = "Galactolipid synthesis, Heterosis for myelin content, Myelination",

(1996). Myelination in the absence of galactocerebroside and sulfatide: normal structure with abnormal function and regional instability. (1999). Myelination in the absence of galactolipids and proteolipid proteins. (1994). Myelination in the absence of myelin-associated glycoprotein. (1993). Novel oligodendrocyte transmembrane signaling systems.

As much as 60% of the amide-linked fatty acids in myelin galactolipids are hydroxylated at the C2 position (2-hydroxy fatty acids) (2,3). No other mammalian tissues contain such high concentrations of 2-hydroxy fatty acids, suggesting an essential role for the 2-hydroxyl modification in maintaining myelin Myelin in the mammalian nervous system has a high concentration of galactolipids [galactosylceramide (GalCer) and sulfatide] with 2-hydroxy fatty acids. We recently reported that fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H), encoded by the FA2H gene, is the major fatty acid 2-hydroxylase in the mouse brain. In this report, we show that FA2H also plays a major role in the formation of 2-hydroxy galactolipids in the peripheral nervous system. The galactolipids galactocerebroside and sulfatide and the proteolipid protein (PLP) and its splice variant DM20 are the most abundant lipid and protein components of central nervous system myelin. Recent studies have found that mice lacking either the galactolipids or PLP are able to form myelin sheaths with apparently normal periodicity and near normal compaction.

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In this report, we show that FA2H also plays a major role in the formation of 2-hydroxy galactolipids in the peripheral nervous system. The galactolipids galactocerebroside and sulfatide and the proteolipid protein (PLP) and its splice variant DM20 are the most abundant lipid and protein components of central nervous system myelin. Recent studies have found that mice lacking either the galactolipids or PLP are able to form myelin sheaths with apparently normal periodicity and near normal compaction. The galactolipids galactocerebroside and sulfatide and the proteolipid protein (PLP) and its splice variant DM20 are the most abundant lipid and protein components of central nervous system myelin.

Novel oligodendrocyte transmembrane signaling systems. galactolipids, two glial components implicated in mediating axo-glial interactions during the myelination process. The single-mutant mice produce abnormal myelin containing similar ultrastructural abnormalities, suggesting that these molecules may play an overlapping role in myelin formation.

Myelin in the mammalian nervous system has a high concentration of galactolipids [galactosylceramide (GalCer) and sulfatide] with 2-hydroxy fatty acids. We recently reported that fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H), encoded by the FA2H gene, is the major fatty acid 2-hydroxylase in the mouse brain. In this report, we show that FA2H also plays a major role in the formation of 2-hydroxy

Recent studies have found that mice lacking either the galactolipids or PLP are able to form myelin sheaths with apparently normal periodicity and near normal compaction. 2002-12-19 · The galactolipids also appear to facilitate the maturation of both oligodendrocytes and myelinated fibers, suggesting that they process developmental signals during myelination. These specialized glycolipids are also necessary for the normal development of axo–glial interactions at nodes of Ranvier.

Galactolipids are a type of glycolipid whose sugar group is galactose.They differ from glycosphingolipids in that they do not have nitrogen in their composition.. They are the main part of plant membrane lipids where they substitute phospholipids to conserve phosphate for other essential processes. These chloroplast membranes contain a high quantity of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and

The galactolipids galactocerebroside and sulfatide, which require the enzyme UDP‐galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT) for their synthesis, are among the most prevalent molecules in the myelin sheath. Numerous studies, mainly using antibody perturbation methods in vitro, have suggested that these molecules are crucial mediators of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin formation galactolipids, two glial components implicated in mediating axo-glial interactions during the myelination process. The single-mutant mice produce abnormal myelin containing similar ultrastructural abnormalities, suggesting that these molecules may play an overlapping role in myelin formation. Furthermore, the absence of the galactolipids bodies raised against GalC inhibit myelination in vitro and in vivo31–34. Although these studies suggest a role for GalC in axoglial interactions, the nature of these interactions remains to be determined. Moreover, at T. Coetzee et al.– Myelin galactolipids REVIEW Fig. 1.

(1994). Myelination in the absence of myelin-associated glycoprotein. (1993). Novel oligodendrocyte transmembrane signaling systems.
Natalie davert

No other mammalian tissues contain such high concentrations of 2-hydroxy fatty acids, suggesting an essential role for the 2-hydroxyl modification in maintaining myelin Myelin in the mammalian nervous system has a high concentration of galactolipids [galactosylceramide (GalCer) and sulfatide] with 2-hydroxy fatty acids. We recently reported that fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H), encoded by the FA2H gene, is the major fatty acid 2-hydroxylase in the mouse brain.

In spite of this abundance, the roles that these molecules play in the myelin sheath are not well understood. Until recently, our concept of GalC and sulfatide functions had been principally defined by immunological and chemical perturbation studies that implicate these lipids in oligodendrocyte differentiation, myelin formation, and myelin stability. The galactolipids galactocerebroside and sulfatide and the proteolipid protein (PLP) and its splice variant DM20 are the most abundant lipid and protein components of central nervous system myelin. Recent studies have found that mice lacking either the galactolipids or PLP are able to form myelin sheaths with apparently normal periodicity and near normal compaction.
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Myelination in the absence of galactolipids and proteolipid proteins. Coetzee T, Suzuki K, Nave KA, Popko B. Myelination in the absence of galactolipids and proteolipid proteins. Mol …

A myelin galactolipid, sulfatide, is essential for maintenance of ion channels on myelinated axon but not essential for initial cluster formation. J. Neurosci. 22(15),.